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Cornell Program on Applied Demographics

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Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2023 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2024.

On March 14, 2024 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2023 total population estimates and estimates of the components of change for counties. These estimates give us a comprehensive look at how the county populations have changed since the April 2020. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Russell Kwong, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. New York State geographic primer: Understanding the different levels of geography in New York State September 2023.

Geography is the organizational foundation of all data produced by the Census Bureau. This primer outlines the terminology and codes you need to work with these geographies and provides descriptions and examples of each geography type. Data and geographic boundaries used in this primer are based on the 2020 Census, with the exception of those from earlier years. Geographies are classified by type and assigned appropriate codes and identifiers, usually found in a geographic header file. All geographic entities within the Census Bureau geographic system fall into one of the following categories: legal/administrative, statistical, or legislative.

This geographic primer was written to help New York State data users to easily manage and understand commonly published geographic entities and state-specific areas and terminology.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2022 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2023.

On March 30, 2023 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2022 total population estimates and estimates of the components of change for counties. These estimates give us a comprehensive look at how the county populations have changed since the April 2020. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Russell Kwong, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Atlas of Urban Areas in New York State. March 2023. 38 pages. (18Mb)

Every 10 years after the Census, the Census Bureau delineates Urban Areas. These are areas with concentrations of population and/or housing units. This document is an atlas with the urban areas that are wholly or partly within New York State. The NY State overview map and indexes all bring you to the right page when you click on the place or page number.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Feedback on the demonstration data sets released in August 2022. September 2022. 40 pages.

On Augst 25, 2022 the U.S. Census Bureau released a final version of the 2010 based Demonstration Data that allows for one last comparision between the Differential Privacy based 2010 data and the data as published in SF1 before final settings are decided on. Feedback with results from those comparisons needed to be at the Census Bureau on September 26'th. This document contains the feedback as reported by PAD to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2021 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2022.

On March 24, 2022 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2021 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. These estimates give us a comprehensive look at how the county populations have changed since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Leslie Reynolds, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Measuring Race and Ethnicity With the 2020 Census Redistricting Data December, 2021.

In late summer of 2021, the Census Bureau released the 2020 Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171). The availability of this data sparked the discussion of population trends since the previous decennial census, including speculation that the United States is becoming more diverse. However, this conclusion is problematic for two reasons. First, the reporting, coding, and processing of racial and ethnic identity changed significantly since the 2010 Census. Second, race and diversity are fluid concepts and are therefore difficult to quantify without making assumptions of identity. Using data on New York State from the 2020 Redistricting file, we summarize the changes in race reporting between Census years, discuss consequences for comparability over time, and describe the quantitative and conceptual challenges of measuring diversity.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2019 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. April, 2019.

On March 26, 2020 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2019 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Feedback on 2020 Census products proposals and 2010 Demonstration products February, 2020.

The 2020 Decennial Census data products will be different from the 2010 data products. The number of tables will be decreasing and the method to protect the privacy of respondents will also change. At different points in the last few years, the U.S. Census Bureau asked for feedback to help make decisions. This report is a collection of the feedback the Cornell Program on Applied Demographics provided. It contains feedback on Federal Register notices on data use, on a proposed set of 2020 data tables and it contains analysis and conclusions based on the 2010 Demonstration Products.

Adriana Hernández, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Headship Rates and Household Formation in New York State, 2012-2017 September, 2019.

Researchers and policy makers have long been interested in household formation and headship rates as they inform on a variety of social and economic outcomes pertaining to changing demographic trends. A household, as defined by the US Census Bureau, is a group of individuals occupying a housing unit, at their usual place of residence. Furthermore, households are subdivided into family and non-family households where individuals do not have to be related to be considered a household. The objective of this report is to present some key findings on the status of headship rates and household formation in New York State and discuss possible implications for the future.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2018 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. April, 2019.

On April 18, 2019 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2018 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Vintage 2018 NY State population estimates (total, 18+ and components of change) December, 2018. 7 pages.

On December 19, 2018 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2018 population characteristics estimates for the Nation and the States. This document highlights these numbers and trends in New York State.

Adriana Hernandez, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Highlights of the US Census Bureau 2017 Estimates of County Population Characteristics. June, 2018. 9 pages.

On June 21, 2018 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2017 population characteristics estimates for counties. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2017 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2017.

On March 22, 2018 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2017 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Elizabeth Jade Womack, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Labor Force Trends in New York State: An Economic Development Region Analysis. December, 2017. 29 pages.

This paper examines and details findings that 1) the labor force for New York State has been decreasing and 2) there has been a surge in participation of older individuals (65+ years and older) in the labor force. The paper has a focus on examining labor force and demographic trends by Economic Development Region.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Highlights of the US Census Bureau 2016 Estimates of County Population Characteristics. June, 2017. 9 pages.

On June 22, 2017 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2016 population characteristics estimates for counties. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2016 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2017. 34 pages.

On March 23, 2017 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2016 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Cornell Program on Applied Demographics with Cornell Institute for Food Systems Industry Partnership Program Food and Beverage Manufacturing in the Empire State - Chart Book - 2015 October, 2016. 62 pages.

This chart book provides insights regarding the supply and demand for labor in New York State’s Food and Beverage manufacturing industries.

In New York State the Food and Beverage Manufacturing industry accounts for more than 1-out-of-8 jobs in Manufacturing. The industry has been a bright spot in the post-Recession economy as the number of jobs have not only recovered but now exceed the pre-Recession peaks. The industry is on pace to exceed in 2022 the up-beat forecasts prepared in 2012 by the New York State Department of Labor. For continued growth in Food and Beverage Manufacturing a supply of appropriately skilled workers is required. The focus of this chart book is to profile for New York State and its Economic Development Regions characteristics of the current workforce, identify who the new hires are, and provide basic demographics on the supply of future workers.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Highlights of the US Census Bureau 2015 Estimates of County Population Characteristics. June, 2016. 6 pages.

On June 23, 2016 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2015 population characteristics estimates for counties. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2015 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2016. 33 pages.

On March 24, 2016 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2015 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2014 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2015. 33 pages.

On March 26, 2015 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2014 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. A comparison between the New York and Florida populations. November, 2014.

At the end of the year the Census Bureau releases new Nation and State total population estimates. Last year the population sizes in New York and Florida were very close and many speculate that this year Florida will take over the number 3 spot from New York in the ranking by population size. This web publication compares population size, components of change (births, deaths and migration) and characteristics (age and race/ethnicity) of the population. In addition some economic variables, like GDP, employment and poverty are compared between FL and NY.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Highlights of the US Census Bureau 2013 Estimates of County Population Characteristics. June, 2014. 5 pages.

On June 26, 2014 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2013 population characteristics estimates for counties. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. 2013 County and Economic Development Regions Population Estimates. March, 2014. 31 pages.

On March 27, 2014 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2013 total population estimates for counties and metro- and micropolitan areas. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State, its ten Economic Regions and its counties. With references, map, tables, charts.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Highlights of the US Census Bureau 2012 Estimates of County Population Characteristics. June, 2013. 4 pages.

On June 13, 2013 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Vintage 2012 population characteristics estimates for counties. This document highlights these numbers and some of the trends in New York State.

Joe Francis, Jan Vink, Nij Tontisirin, Sutee Anantsuksomsri and Viktor Zhong, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Alternative Strategies for Mapping ACS Estimates and Error of Estimation. Feb, 2012. 29 pages.

As the American Community Survey begins its second iteration with Census 2010 geographies and new vintages of 5 year ACS data become available, demographers still face quandaries about how to present such data. No consensus has evolved as to how much or how little to present. Current "practice" seems to fall into three camps: (1) present only the estimated value of some variable without any indication of sampling error, (2) present both the estimate and some measure of error surrounding the estimate, (3) present the estimate in the main report or paper and put error of estimation information in an appendix. As we try to sort through these decisions, an additional unsettled issue is in what format to present the error: via coefficient of variations, confidence bands, or estimate +/- MOE. These same dilemmas challenge those who produce maps of ACS variables, but cartographers face the additionally quandary of whether to present the estimates and their MOE (1) on separate maps, or (2) show both on the same map. A third unsettled issue is how to symbolize these on a map.

This paper presents several approaches to mapping uncertainty information that GIS scientists and analytic Cartographers have tried over the past two decades, followed by a discussion of current approaches being considered by the Census Bureau and applied demographers toward visualization of ACS data.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Age/sex/race in New York State - Based on Census 2010 Summary File 1. July 14 2011. 54 pages.

On July 14, 2011 the U.S. Census Bureau released the Census 2010 Summary File 1 for New York State. This data gives great detail on the population and housing as it was collected during the 2010 decennial Census. This document details some first impressions of the age/sex structures for different race/ethnicity groups in New York State and its ten Economic Regions. With references, map, tables, charts.

Robin Blakely-Armitage, Scott Sanders, Joe Francis, and Jan Vink. Upstate New York in Profile: Trends, Projections, and Community & Economic Development Issues. 2011 State of Upstate New York Initiative, June 2011

The Community & Regional Development Institute (CaRDI) and Cornell University's Program on Applied Demographics (PAD) have produced this document to serve as a resource for decision-makers at multiple levels of government and community organizations, to help leaders and decisionmakers track trends over time, examine projections, and consider public opinion on a host of emerging policy issues in key development areas of upstate New York. This chartbook integrates New York State-based survey data, Census and other secondary data sources, and provides important links to more information on several key community development topics such as energy, food systems, economic development, schools, and health care.

This document complemented the conference: State of Upstate New York Conference: Resiliency, Partnerships and Innovation, June 8-9, 2011

Joe Francis, Sutee Anantsuksomsri, Nij Tontisirin, Xiaoling Li, Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Characteristics of Housing in New York State, Mapping Key Indicators from the 2010 Census. June, 2011. 29 pages.

The 2010 Census of Population and Housing was conducted during the later phase of this cycle. Information about various housing characteristics of the population became available for New York at the state, county, town, city and Indian Reservation level in mid- May 2011 with the release of the Census 2010 Demographic Profiles. This booklet gives a detailed look at the total housing units, change in total housing units from 2000 to 2010, housing density, percent occupied, percent vacant, vacant for sale, vacant for rent and seasonal vacant units referenced to the Census date of April 1, 2010.

A high resolution version is available here (caution: 52MB)

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. The changing age composition in New York State. May 12, 2011. 35 pages.

On May 12, 2011 the U.S. Census Bureau released Census 2010 Demographic Profiles for New York State. This data gives some general age, race and household characteristics down to places and county sub divisions. Future products releases will give more insight in other demographic changes. This document details changes in the age composition in New York State in the last decade. With references, map, tables, charts.

Jan Vink, Cornell Program on Applied Demographics. Census 2010 redistricting data: First impressions for New York State. March 24, 2011. 38 pages.

On March 24, 2011 the U.S. Census Bureau released Census 2010 redistricting data for New York State. This data gives detailed race information for the total population and voting age population down to the block level. Future products releases will give more insight in other demographic changes. This document details some first impressions of the demographic changes in New York State in the last decade. With references, map, tables, charts.

Warren Brown, Cornell University, Robert Scardamalia, New York State Department of Economic Development. Using the American Community Survey (ACS) Multi-Year Estimates in State Programs: Empire Zones in Rockland County, NY. December 2007. 22 pages.

Focusing on "the use of American Community Survey results in legislative threshold based state programs", this report considers the implications of changed survey methodology with legislative language now in force. Although "this research attempts to evaluate the impact of ACS results on a specific economic development program in the State of New York... it should be viewed as an alert to state legislatures and congress to review existing statutes and reevaluate the appropriateness of their language in a world of American Community Survey data". With references, map, tables, charts.

Joseph J. Salvo, Population Division, New York City Department of City Planning; Warren A. Brown, Program on Applied Demographics, Cornell University. Population Estimates and the Needs of Local Governments. July 19, 2006. 11 pages.

The authors advocate a multi-pronged approach for Census Bureau use in developing population estimates that are vital to local governments for assessing needs and developing policies and programs. They discuss the current methodology, detailing shortcomings in the current use of "administrative records component of population change", and present alternative methods that would best serve the varying populations and situations of different communities. With bibliography, figures.

Warren Brown, Cornell University; William M. Ramage, Patrick Berkery, Thomas Corban and David Trzaskos, New York State Department of Labor; Cheryl Schaefer, Seneca County Department of Employment and Training. Labor Force Analysis for Seneca County: The Outlook for Jobs and Workers. February 1995, Revised March 1995, 86 pages.

Although developed specifically for Seneca County, NY, this report demonstrates a human resource development strategy that any county or area can use. It explores the dynamics of how local labor markets work while recognizing the “unique qualities of a specific labor market area” whereby “decision makers can replace perception of their economic reality with a set of facts”. With tables, maps, figures, bibliography.

Warren A. Brown, David L. Brown, Thomas A. Hirschl. People, Jobs, and Income: A Demographic Perspective on Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan New York. Cornell University, July 1991, 35 pages.

It does make a difference where you live in New York State. This monograph describes and compares how residential area differences affected people, jobs and incomes from 1980 to 1990. “The persistence of these differences indicates that economic opportunity is unevenly distributed in the state. Low incomes and high unemployment remain concentrated in nonmetropolitan … and upstate metropolitan counties.” With graphs, charts, glossary, bibliography, data sources.